DNA Replication

DNA Replication Unit for Students

Lesson Topic Statement(s) and Objective(s) Activities
1 Structure and function relationship

7.1.U1:  DNA structure suggested a mechanism for DNA replication .

  • Outline the features of DNA structure that suggested a mechanism for DNA replication.

Structure and function relationship notes
2 Semiconservative

2.7.U1:  The replication of DNA is semiconservative and depends on complementary base pairing.

  • Describe the meaning of “semi conservative” in relation to DNA replication.

  • Explain the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication.


2.7.S2:  Analysis of Meselson and Stahl’s results to obtain support for the theory of semi-conservative replication of DNA.

  • Compare dispersive, conservative and semi-conservative replication.

  • Predict experimental results in the Meselson and Stahl experiment if DNA replication was dispersive, conservative or semi-conservative.


2.7.NOS:  Obtaining evidence for scientific theories- Meselson and Stahl obtained evidence for the semi-conservative replication of DNA.

  • Describe the procedure of the Meselson and Stahl experiment.

  • Explain how the Meselson and Stahl experiment demonstrated semiconservative DNA replication.

Meselson and Stahl notes 

(includes white boarding prompts) 

Video explanation for notes

Scitable reading

Meselson and Stahl original paper

Meselson and Stahl Quizizz


3 Mechanism of replication

2.7.U2:  Helicase unwinds the double helix and separates   the two strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.

  • State why DNA strands must be separated prior to replication.

  • Outline two functions of helicase.

  • State the role of the origin of replication in DNA replication.

  • Contrast the number of origins in prokaryotic cells to the number in eukaryotic cells.


7.1.U4:  DNA replication is carried out by a complex system of enzymes.

  • Outline the role of the following proteins in DNA replications:  helicase, topoisomerase (AKA gyrase), single stranded binding proteins, primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase.


2.7.U3:  DNA polymerase links nucleotides together to form a new strand, using a pre-existing strand as a template.

  • Describe the movement of DNA polymerase along the DNA template strand.

  • Describe the action of DNA polymerase III in pairing nucleotides during DNA replication.


7.1.U5:  DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end of a primer.

  • Explain the need for RNA primers in DNA replication.

  • Explain what is meant by DNA replication occurring in a 5' to 3' direction.


7.1.U3:  DNA replication is continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand.

  • Compare replication on the the leading strand and the lagging strand of DNA.

  • Explain why replication is different on the leading and lagging strands of DNA.

  • Outline the formation of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

Vision learning:  DNA replication

Cells can replicate their DNA precisely

DNA replication notes

DNA replication notes with reviews and dance

Handwritten DNA replication notes

Replication fork drawing

Scitable events of DNA replication

DNA replication - 3D

DNA Replication and Causes of Mutation

Paper model

Paper model example

Random order slips (with key)

Virtual order the slips

Virtual sort

Virtual labeling


4 PCR

3.5.U2:  PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA.

  • State the function of the PCR.

  • Describe the selectivity of the PCR.


2.7.A1:  Use of Taq DNA polymerase to produce multiple copies of DNA rapidly by the polymerase chain reaction.

  • Outline the process of the PCR.

  • Explain the use of Taq DNA polymerase in the PCR.

PCR Notes

Learn about PCR 

Scitable PCR reading

A Close Up Look at PCR lesson

Instructor set up

Student worksheet (with answers)

Instructor slides

Post assessment

PCR paper simulation

A&B:  Taq polymerase in Covid tests

A&B:   Scientists make leap forward for genetic sequencing (how Taq works)
5 Wrap Up and Review  

Final Knowledge Audit

Kahoot Review

Quizizz Review

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